Pharmacist's Viewpoint: How to treat the common cold

With cold and flu season in full swing, it’s essential to know the most effective ways to ease symptoms and speed up recovery. According to experts from Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Mayo Clinic, there are several tried and true remedies, as well as a few approaches that may not be as beneficial as you’d think.

Do this

1. Rest and hydration

The importance of rest can’t be overstated. Your body needs energy to fight off the cold virus, so getting plenty of sleep is essential. Hydrating is also key: water, herbal teas, and warm broths help keep the throat moist and reduce nasal congestion. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, as these can cause dehydration.

2. Over-the-counter medications

Pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can alleviate headaches and body aches, while decongestants can temporarily relieve nasal congestion. However, it’s important to follow dosing instructions, particularly for children, as certain medications may not be safe for younger age groups.

3. Soothing sore throats

A saltwater gargle (a teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water) can relieve sore throats by reducing swelling and breaking down mucus. Honey is also effective for sore throats, but it’s not recommended for children under 1 year old.

4. Humidifiers and warm showers

Keeping air humid with a humidifier or taking a warm shower can ease congestion. The steam can help open nasal passages, making it easier to breathe.

Be cautious

1. Antibiotics

Antibiotics target bacteria, not viruses, so they won’t work against the common cold. Taking them unnecessarily can lead to antibiotic resistance, making it harder to treat bacterial infections in the future.

2. High-dose Vitamin C and zinc

While some studies suggest that Vitamin C and zinc might slightly reduce the duration of a cold, excessive doses can cause side effects. It’s best to consult a healthcare professional before adding high doses of these supplements.

3. Smoking and secondhand smoke

Cigarette smoke can worsen cold symptoms by irritating nasal passages and reducing immune function. Avoiding smoke can help speed recovery.

In summary, rest, hydration and basic care can effectively manage cold symptoms. By avoiding ineffective or potentially harmful remedies, you can focus on practices that truly help your body heal. Always consult a healthcare provider for persistent symptoms or if you have questions about specific treatments.

Robert Johnson is a local hospital/infusion pharmacist in Moose Lake, committed to providing accurate and helpful information to the community. Contact him at [email protected].